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Combined display of all available logs of SEGGER Knowledge Base. You can narrow down the view by selecting a log type, the username (case-sensitive), or the affected page (also case-sensitive).

Logs
  • 03:39, 9 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Link register (Created page with "The Link register is a register which can hold the return address when calling a subroutine. The term link register is mostly used in the ARM world, in other architectures it is called RA (return address). Basically a call instruction: BL Sub // LR = PC, PC = &Sub and a return instruction BX LR // PC = LR work together as a team.")
  • 01:37, 9 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page ISA (Created page with "In computing, ISA stands for Instruction Set Architecture. It defines the instruction set of a CPU along withh its encoding. The ISA is all that is needed to develop a compiler and equally to write a simulator for a CPU compatible with this ISA. == FAQ == Q: Does the ISA define the performance?<br> A: No, not at all! Actually, it is very common to have multiple CPUs which are compatible from an ISA perspective with different performance. One CPU might have a 3 stag...")
  • 02:51, 8 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Push instruction (Created page with "The push instruction places (pushes) data onto the stack. ==Overview== The PUSH instruction is an instruction that can be found in almost all CPUs. It is used to place data onto the stack. In most CPU architectures, the stack is a region of memory that operates in a last-in, first-out (LIFO) manner. The PUSH instruction is used to store register values, return addresses, or other data onto the stack. ==Functionality== When the PUSH instruction is executed,...")
  • 02:44, 8 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page RET Instruction (Created page with "RET Instruction The RET (Return) instruction is an instruction found in almost all CPUs. It is used to return from a subroutine or function call. ==Overview== When a function or subroutine finishes, the RET instruction tells the processor to return to the caller, meaning to jump back to the instruction immediately following the original call. ==Functionality== In most architectures, when a function is called, the address of the next instruction is pushed onto the stack....")
  • 18:58, 7 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page S32E (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base S32 is a virtual CPU designed, implemented and heavily used by SEGGER. It is used in the Flasher family of in-system programmers, the J-Link & J-Trace debug and trace probes and available for licensing as emApp, along with documentation and development environment / compiler.")
  • 16:28, 6 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page virtual CPU (Created page with "A virtual CPU is a CPU implemented in software. It has an executor which runs on a real (host) CPU.")
  • 02:03, 2 September 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page MMU (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base A Memory Management Unit (MMU) is a hardware component of a processor that translates virtual addresses into physical addresses. It also manages memory protection and cache control, enabling features such as virtual memory, process isolation, and efficient system memory usage. ==Overview== The MMU sits between the CPU and main memory. Every time the CPU issues a memory access, the MMU translates the virtual address used by software into the...")
  • 22:10, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Flash memory (Created page with "Flash Memory Flash memory is a type of non-volatile storage that retains data even when the power is turned off. It is widely used in embedded systems for storing firmware, configuration data, and user settings. Flash memory can be electrically erased and reprogrammed in blocks, making it very flexible for iterative updates. In SEGGER’s ecosystem, flash memory is often managed and programmed using tools like J-Link debug probes and Flasher programmers, which support...")
  • 21:43, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Hardcore (Created page with "Hardcore CPU A hardcore CPU (also called hard IP) is a processor that is permanently implemented in silicon. Unlike softcores, which run in programmable logic (typically FPGAs), a hardcore CPU is a fixed part of the chip, designed and verified at the transistor level by the semiconductor manufacturer. ==Overview== Hardcores are also typically delivered to the silicon vendor in synthesizable HDL code (usually Verilog), similar to softcores. The hardcore is then synt...")
  • 19:56, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page SP (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base The stack pointer is an essential part of almost any CPU design. It points to a location in RAM used to store (push) or retrieve (pop) information from. On most CPUs, the Stack grows downwards, so a push operation decrements the SP, but there are also implementation where the stack grows, so a push increments the SP. When saying "incrementing" or decrementing, it should be noted that the SP usually handles items that are multiples of the proce...")
  • 19:49, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Speedy (Created page with "Speedy is the name for SEGGER's softcore used in many of their J-Link and Flasher products. Speedy is an 8-bit core, designed to be lean and as fast as possible, with a rather basic instruction set. It execute one instruction per cycle (with the exception of branch instructions) and is used as interface processor. In most cases, it runs at 200MHz, providing an accurate 5ns timing which is more than efficient for most debug and programming interfaces. On AMD Ultrascale si...")
  • 18:34, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Softcore (Created page with "SoftCore A SoftCore (or soft processor core) is a processor design described in a hardware description language (HDL), such as VHDL or Verilog, and implemented on programmable logic (e.g., an FPGA). Unlike a HardCore processor fixed in silicon, a SoftCore is flexible and reconfigurable, allowing customization, extensions, or multiple instances in the same device. Examples include MicroBlaze, Nios II, and RISC-V soft cores.")
  • 16:20, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page flashloader (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base A Flash loader is a (typically small) programmer which programs the flash of a microcontroller (or SoC). It is loaded into the RAM of the device, and is then given the data to be programmed, usually in small chunks.")
  • 05:40, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page ISP (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base ISP is short for In-system programming.")
  • 05:38, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page SR (Created page with "In the context of an Embedded system, SR usually stands for status register. The status register is a CPU register which consists of a collection of flags and settings. Which flags and which settings depends very much on the CPU. == Flags == Which Flags a CPU depends. However, there are a number of flags which most CPUs have, such as: Z-Flag Zero Flag. Indicates if the result of the previous operation has been 0 C-Flag Carry Flag. Typically used in shift and rotate ope...")
  • 01:52, 31 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page RETI (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base RETI is short for RETurn from Interrupt. It is the name of the instruction that many CPUs use as a last instruction in an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR). RETI does not exist on all CPUs, or it has a different name, but RETI seems most common. What it does is usually restore the Program Counter (PC) and the flag register. It usually does the exact opposite of what happens when entering an ISR. So if the CPU saves 8 registers when enter...")
  • 20:20, 30 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page PLL (Created page with "A phase-locked loop is a piece of hardware that generates an output signal whose frequency is typically a multiple of the input frequency.")
  • 20:16, 30 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page Timer (Created page with "In computing and in embedded systems, a timer (also known as programmable interval timer (PIT)) is a counter that generates an output signal when it reaches a programmed count. The output signal can trigger an interrupt. Timers can be up or down counting, and in many cases can be programmed to be single shot or multiple shot or simply continue once it has read the programmed count (or 0 in case of a down counter)")
  • 20:10, 30 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page DMA (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base In embedded systems, ore more generally in computer systems, DMA stands for Direct memory access. Direct memory access is the ability of a peripheral, such as an Ethernet or USB controller to read or write data directly to/from memory, without involving the CPU. == Overview == DMA requires a DMA controller, which can be a part of the peripheral. == Benfits == A DMA can usually perform the transfer faster than the CPU,...")
  • 19:21, 30 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page MCU (Created page with "MCU is short for Microcontroller Unit, or even shorter Microcontroller. Please click on the link to learn more.")
  • 17:42, 30 August 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page In-system programming (Created page with "Category:Knowledge Base In-system programming, also known as ISP or in-circuit programming (ICP), is the process of programming a computer chip in system, so when it has already been soldered (connected) to a printed circuit board. Almost all devices with some sort of non-volatile storage can be programmed in-system. This applies to microcontrollers (MCUs), FPGAs (Field programmables gate arrays) as well as typically serial (Q)SPI flashes. Even other types of flashes...")
  • 21:05, 10 June 2025 Rolf talk contribs moved page app to App (Looks better in upper case...)
  • 21:04, 10 June 2025 Rolf talk contribs created page app (Created page with "App is short for Applet or Application. Apps are small programs which can extend the functionality of a device. They are well known from Smart phones and tablets and operating systems such as iOS and Android. In the context of embedded systems, apps are dynamic pieces of software that can be linked to a device’s firmware, either statically or dynamically. Typically, they’re dynamically linked, which means they can be downloaded and then executed by a device at any t...")
  • 02:17, 2 January 2024 Rolf talk contribs moved page Motorola S-Record to Mot file (Mot file is more common)
  • 11:13, 5 August 2021 Rolf talk contribs moved page Size and speed units to SEGGER standard for units of Memory size
  • 19:13, 2 May 2020 Rolf talk contribs uploaded File:OpAmp.svg
  • 19:29, 8 January 2020 Rolf talk contribs moved page VCOM to J-Link:Virtual COM Port (VCOM is not a standard term. Wikipedia does not even know it and shows Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM) only)
  • 14:32, 4 July 2019 Rolf talk contribs moved page Basic programming language to BASIC programming language
  • 23:25, 23 June 2019 Rolf talk contribs moved page subroutine to Subroutine
  • 22:37, 3 June 2019 Rolf talk contribs deleted page Reentrant (Already in reentrant (lower case))
  • 18:06, 7 May 2019 Rolf talk contribs moved page Embedded System to Embedded Systems
  • 12:03, 20 November 2014 User account Rolf talk contribs was created
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